It’s an inarguable fact that bones play as vital a role in our health as our heart and brain. Bone health is a crucial aspect of overall wellbeing, affecting mobility, quality of life, and the risk of conditions such as osteoporosis and arthritis.
However, some eye-opening advances in technology have made significant contribution to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of bone-related conditions. In fact, there is a whole new field of endeavour underway compared to even a decade ago. From innovative diagnostic tools to cutting-edge treatments, technology is transforming the way we manage bone health, mapping a brighter future of more precise, personalised, and accessible care.
Diagnostic advancements
- Bone density scanners: Also known as Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) DXA scans, these devices measure bone mineral density (BMD) with high accuracy, helping to diagnose conditions related to bone thinning, and allowing for early detection and timely intervention.
- Quantitative Computed Tomography: Another advanced diagnostic tool that provides three-dimensional imaging of bone structure, QCT offers a detailed analysis of bone architecture, helping to assess bone strength and fracture risk more comprehensively.
- Portable bone density devices: These devices, often handheld and using ultrasound technology, provide a convenient and non-invasive way to screen for bone health. They are particularly useful in remote areas, or for individuals who have limited access to healthcare facilities, making bone health assessments more accessible.
Treatment innovations
- Biologic therapies: Biologic therapies, including monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins, have emerged as promising treatments for bone-related conditions. Drugs like Denosumab inhibit the activity of osteoclasts, the cells responsible for bone resorption. This helps to maintain bone density and reduce the risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis. These therapies represent a significant shift from traditional treatments like bisphosphonates, offering more targeted and effective options.
- Bone regeneration technologies: This innovative new field of bone regeneration has seen remarkable progress with the advent of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Techniques such as 3D bioprinting and stem cell therapy are being explored to regenerate bone tissue in cases of severe fractures or bone loss. For instance, 3D bioprinting allows for the creation of customised bone scaffolds that can be implanted to support the growth of new bone cells. Similarly, stem cell therapy promotes bone healing and regeneration.
- Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy: Another innovative treatment is derived from a patient’s own blood and contains a high concentration of growth factors that promote tissue repair. When injected into areas of bone injury or degeneration, PRP can accelerate the healing process and improve outcomes in conditions such as osteoarthritis and fractures.
Wearable tech: monitoring bone health
Wearable technology has made significant strides in the healthcare sector, including bone health monitoring. Devices such as smartwatches and fitness trackers equipped with sensors can monitor physical activity such as gait, and posture, providing valuable data on bone health. Some wearables are even designed to detect falls, a major concern for individuals with osteoporosis, allowing for timely intervention.
Artificial Intelligence and Big Data
- AI algorithms can analyse large amounts of data to identify patterns and risk factors associated with bone diseases. For instance, subtle changes in bone structure may indicate the onset of osteoporosis. This information can help in early diagnosis and personalised treatment plans.
- Big Data, on the other hand, enables researchers to gather and analyse information from diverse sources, including electronic health records, clinical trials, and wearable devices. By integrating this data, insights can be gained into the effectiveness of treatments, and more broadly used to identify effective strategies for improving bone health in the wider population.
Robotics in bone surgery
Robotic-assisted surgery offers precision and control that surpasses human capabilities, leading to better surgical outcomes. Robots can assist in tasks such as drilling, cutting, and placing implants with high accuracy. This technology is particularly beneficial in joint replacement surgeries, where precise alignment is critical for the long-term success of the procedure.
Telemedicine and remote monitoring
Telemedicine has become an essential tool in managing bone health, especially for patients in remote or underserved areas. Through telemedicine platforms, patients can consult with orthopedic specialists, receive advice on bone health, and have their conditions monitored regularly. Remote monitoring devices can track patients’ progress and alert healthcare providers of any changes that may require intervention.
Nutritional genomics and personalised nutrition
Nutritional genomics – the study of how genes interact with nutrients – is opening new avenues for personalised nutrition in bone health. By analysing an individual’s genetic profile, it is possible to determine their specific nutritional needs for maintaining optimal bone health. This personalised approach can help in recommending diets that are rich in bone-supporting nutrients like calcium, Vitamin D, and magnesium, ensuring individuals receive the right nutrients in the most effective way.
NOFSA (National Osteoporosis Foundation South Africa)
NOFSA is the only non-profit, voluntary health organisation dedicated to promoting lifelong bone health. We focus on reducing the widespread prevalence of osteoporosis while working to find a cure for the disease, and by supporting research and developing programmes of education and advocacy.
Find out more about our work at: www.osteoporosis.org.za
